Tag Archives: FORMAT

How to get Day or Weekday name from date in Sql Server

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Many a times we come across a scenario where we may need to get Day/Weekday name from Date in Sql Server. In this article we will see how we can get Day/Weekday name from Date in Sql Server.

Approach 1: Using DATENAME Function

We can use DATENAME() function to get Day/Weekday name from Date in Sql Server, here we need specify datepart parameter of the DATENAME function as weekday or dw both will return the same result.

SELECT GETDATE() 'Today', DATENAME(weekday,GETDATE()) 'Day Name'
SELECT GetDate() 'Today', DATENAME(dw,GETDATE()) 'Day Name'

RESULT:

Day or weekday name from Date Sql Server 1

Approach 2: Using FORMAT Function

We can aswell use FORMAT function which is introduced in Sql Server 2012 to get Day/Weekday name from Date in Sql Server. It is not an Sql Server native function instead it is .NET CLR dependent function. I would prefer the first approach instead of this approach for getting Day/Weekday name from Date in Sql Server. But FORMAT function provides lot of options compared to DATENAME function. To know more about FORMAT function you may like to go through a detailed article on FORMAT STRING FUNCTION IN SQL SERVER 2012 which I have written couple of years back.

SELECT GETDATE() 'Today', FORMAT(GETDATE(),'dddd') 'Day Name'

RESULT:
Day or weekday name from Date Sql Server 2

How to get month name from date in Sql Server

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Many a times we come across a scenario where we may need to get Month name from Date in Sql Server. In this article we will see how we can get Month name from Date in Sql Server.

Approach 1: Using DATENAME Function

We can use DATENAME() function to get Month name from Date in Sql Server, here we need specify datepart parameter of the DATENAME function as month or mm or m all will return the same result.

SELECT GETDATE() 'Today', DATENAME(month,GETDATE()) 'Month Name'
SELECT GetDate() 'Today', DATENAME(mm,GETDATE()) 'Month Name'
SELECT GetDate() 'Today', DATENAME(m,GETDATE()) 'Month Name'

RESULT:
Month name from date in sql server 1

If you need result in different language than the default one, then we need to use the SET LANGUAGE statement to change the Sql Server default language for the current session. Below example shows how we can get the Month name in Russian from Date.

--Change default langauage to Russian for this session
SET LANGUAGE Russian
SELECT DATENAME(mm, GETDATE()) 'Russian Month Name'
--Change the language back to English from Arabic
SET LANGUAGE English
SELECT DATENAME(mm, GETDATE()) 'English Month Name'

RESULT:
Month name from date in sql server 4

The sys.syslanguages catalog view provides the list of languages to which we can change the current sessions language using SET LANGUAGE statement.

Approach 2: Using FORMAT Function

We can aswell use FORMAT function which is introduced in Sql Server 2012 to get Month name from Date in Sql Server. It is not an Sql Server native function instead it is .NET CLR dependent function. I would prefer the first approach instead of this approach for getting Month name from Date in Sql Server. But FORMAT function provides lot of options compared to DATENAME function. To know more on FORMAT function you may like to go through a detailed article on FORMAT STRING FUNCTION IN SQL SERVER 2012 which I have written couple of years back.

SELECT GETDATE() 'Today', FORMAT(GETDATE(),'MMMM') 'Month Name'

RESULT
Month name from date in sql server 2

FORMAT STRING FUNCTION IN SQL SERVER 2012

Functions, Sql Server, Sql Server 2012, String Functions, , , ,

FORMAT is one of the new built-in String Function introduced as a Part of Sql Server 2012. It returns the value formatted in the specified format using the optional culture parameter value. It is not an Sql Server native function instead it is .NET CLR dependent function.

SYNTAX: FORMAT ( value, format [, culture ] )

Parameter Description
value: Value to be formatted
format: This parameter specifies the format in which the vlaue will be formatted.
culture: This parameter is optional, it specifies the culture in which the value is formatted. If it is not specified then the language of the current session is used.

RETURNS: Return value type is nvarchar.

Example 1: FORMAT DATE with Culture

DECLARE @date DATETIME = GETDATE() 
SELECT @date AS 'GETDATE()',
       FORMAT( @date, 'd', 'en-US') AS 'DATE IN US Culture',
       FORMAT( @date, 'd', 'en-IN') AS 'DATE IN INDIAN Culture',
       FORMAT( @date, 'd', 'de-DE') AS 'DATE IN GERMAN Culture'

Result:

FORMAT_FUNCTION_IN_SQL_SERVER_2012_1

Example 2: FORMAT CURRENCY with Culture

DECLARE @Price INT = 40
SELECT FORMAT(@Price,'c','en-US') 
         AS 'CURRENCY IN US Culture',       
    FORMAT(@Price,'c','de-DE')
         AS 'CURRENCY IN GERMAN Culture'

Result:

FORMAT_FUNCTION_IN_SQL_SERVER_2012_2

Example 3: FORMAT CURRENCY

DECLARE @Price DECIMAL(5,3) = 40.356
SELECT FORMAT( @Price, 'C') AS 'Default',
      FORMAT( @Price, 'C0') AS 'With 0 Decimal',
       FORMAT( @Price, 'C1') AS 'With 1 Decimal',
       FORMAT( @Price, 'C2') AS 'With 2 Decimal',
       FORMAT( @Price, 'C3') AS 'With 3 Decimal'

Result:
FORMAT_FUNCTION_IN_SQL_SERVER_2012_3

Example 4: FORMAT PERCENTAGE

DECLARE @Percentage float = 0.35674
SELECT FORMAT( @Percentage, 'P') AS '% Default',
       FORMAT( @Percentage, 'P0') AS '% With 0 Decimal',
       FORMAT( @Percentage, 'P1') AS '% with 1 Decimal',
       FORMAT( @Percentage, 'P2') AS '% with 2 Decimal',
       FORMAT( @Percentage, 'P3') AS '% with 3 Decimal'

Result:
FORMAT_FUNCTION_IN_SQL_SERVER_2012_4

Example 5: FORMAT NUMBER

DECLARE @Number AS DECIMAL(10,2) = 454545.389
SELECT FORMAT( @Number, 'N','en-US') AS 'Number Format in US',
    FORMAT( @Number, 'N','en-IN')  AS 'Number Format in INDIA'

SELECT FORMAT( @Number, '#.0')     AS 'With 1 Decimal',
    FORMAT( @Number, '#.00')    AS 'With 2 Decimal',
    FORMAT( @Number, '#,##.00') AS 'With Comma and 2 Decimal',
    FORMAT( @Number, '##.00')   AS 'Without Comma and 2 Decimal'

Result:
FORMAT_FUNCTION_IN_SQL_SERVER_2012_5

Example 6: CUSTOM DATE FORMATS

DECLARE @date DATETIME = GETDATE() 
SELECT @date AS 'GETDATE()',
    FORMAT ( @date, 'dd/MM/yyyy') AS 'dd/MM/yyyy',
    FORMAT ( @date, 'MM/dd/yyyy') AS 'MM/dd/yyyy',
    FORMAT ( @date, 'yyyy/MM/dd') AS 'yyyy/MM/dd' 

SELECT 
 FORMAT( @date,'dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy hh:mm:ss tt','en-US')
   AS 'US',
 FORMAT( @date,'dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy hh:mm:ss tt','hi-IN')
   AS 'Hindi',
 FORMAT( @date,'dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy hh:mm:ss tt','kn-IN')
  AS 'Kannada'

Result:

FORMAT_FUNCTION_IN_SQL_SERVER_2012_6

DECLARE @date DATETIME = GETDATE()
SELECT FORMAT ( @date, 'dd', 'en-US' ) AS 'US',
	FORMAT ( @date, 'ddd', 'en-US' )   AS 'US',
	FORMAT ( @date, 'dddd', 'en-US' )  AS 'US',
	FORMAT ( @date, 'dddd', 'kn-IN' )  AS 'Kannada',
	FORMAT ( @date, 'dddd', 'hi-IN' )  AS 'Hindi'

SELECT FORMAT ( @date, 'M', 'en-US' )  AS 'US',
	FORMAT ( @date, 'MM', 'en-US' )    AS 'US',
	FORMAT ( @date, 'MMM', 'en-US' )   AS 'US',
	FORMAT ( @date, 'MMMM', 'en-US' )  AS 'US',
	FORMAT ( @date, 'MMMM', 'kn-IN' )  AS 'Kannada',
	FORMAT ( @date, 'MMMM', 'hi-IN' )  AS 'Hindi'

SELECT FORMAT ( @date, 'y', 'en-US' )   AS 'US',
       FORMAT ( @date, 'y', 'kn-IN' )   AS 'Kannada',
       FORMAT ( @date, 'y', 'hi-IN' )   AS 'Hindi',
       FORMAT ( @date, 'yy', 'en-US' )  AS 'US',
       FORMAT ( @date, 'yyy', 'en-US' ) AS 'US'

Result:

FORMAT_FUNCTION_IN_SQL_SERVER_2012_7

Example 7: Invalid Culture

DECLARE @date DATETIME = GETDATE()
SELECT FORMAT(@date,'d','Test') AS 'Invalid Culture'

Result:
Msg 9818, Level 16, State 1, Line 2
The culture parameter ‘Test’ provided in the function call is not supported.

You may like to read the below new built-in function’s introduced in Sql Server 2012:

New Built in Functions introduced in Sql Server
CONVERSION FUNCTIONS
PARSE TRY_PARSE
TRY_CONVERT
STRING FUNCTIONS
CONCAT FORMAT
LOGICAL FUNCTIONS
CHOOSE IIF
DATE AND TIME FUNCTIONS
EOMONTH
DATEFROMPARTS DATETIMEFROMPARTS
SMALLDATETIMEFROMPARTS DATETIME2FROMPARTS
TIMEFROMPARTS DATETIMEOFFSETFROMPARTS